VAT Calculator
Add VAT to a net price or remove VAT from a gross figure — at any EU member-state rate from 17% to 27%.
Add VAT
Adding 21% VAT to €100.00 gives €121.00 — that's €21.00 of VAT on top of the net amount.
Results update as you type.
Formula
Adding VAT is a single multiplication:
gross = net × (1 + rate / 100).
The VAT amount itself is
vat = net × rate / 100. Switching to the
Remove tab works backwards from a VAT-inclusive total:
net = gross / (1 + rate / 100).
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Frequently asked questions
What are EU VAT rates?▾
Standard rates across the EU run from 17% (Luxembourg) to 27% (Hungary), with most member states in the 20%–25% range. Each country also has one or more reduced rates (typically 5%–13% for things like food, books, and pharmaceuticals) and zero rates for specific categories. The EU VAT Directive caps the standard-rate floor at 15%; the rest is national.
What's the difference between standard, reduced, and zero rates?▾
The standard rate is the headline figure for most goods and services. Reduced rates apply to categories the member state's government has decided to favour — food, books, public transport, cultural events. Zero-rated items are taxable but at 0% (different from VAT-exempt, which is outside the VAT system entirely). This calculator works at any rate you enter.
How does cross-border VAT work for EU sales?▾
B2B sales between VAT-registered businesses in different member states usually use the reverse-charge mechanism — no VAT on the invoice, the buyer self-accounts. B2C distance sales are taxed in the destination country once a seller passes the EU-wide €10,000 threshold, typically declared via the One Stop Shop (OSS). For any specific transaction, this calculator only computes the headline figure — your accountant or OSS portal handles the registration mechanics.
Do I need to register for VAT in the EU?▾
Each member state sets its own threshold (often €0–€100,000 in domestic turnover, varying widely). Selling cross-border B2C in the EU triggers OSS registration once you exceed the €10,000 union-wide threshold. This calculator works regardless of registration status.
What's the difference between VAT and sales tax?▾
VAT is collected at every stage of production and reclaimable by registered businesses; sales tax (the US model) is collected only once, at the final sale to the consumer. The mathematical operation of 'add a percentage' is identical, which is why this calculator works for both.